Leelee Chan at Capsule Shanghai

Artist: Leelee Chan

Exhibition title: Silica Meadows

Venue: Capsule Shanghai, Shanghai, China

Date: October 7 – 28, 2023

Photography: Ling Weizheng / all images are copyrighted. Courtesy of the artist and Capsule Shanghai

Four years after her solo debut at Capsule Shanghai, Leelee Chan returns with Silica Meadows from October 7th to October 28th. The exhibition features a selection of recent sculptures that deepens the artist’s on-going exploration of how human desire and imagination govern the meaning and value ascribed to material objects, and how geography and culture mutually influence each other. At the core of Chan’s latest inquiry is silica, one of earth’s most abundant chemical compounds found commonly as quartz and in sand, as well as in the obsidian, manufactured glass, petrified wood, and marble varieties that figure in Chan’s sculptural forms. Drawing on the physical properties and cultural meaning of silica’s diverse manifestations, Chan presents a new set of evocative works that intersect the architectural, biomorphic, and geological to reflect on the fate of matter in the face of humanity’s relentless pursuit of material expansion and abundance.

Growing up with parents who restored and dealt ancient Chinese antiques, Chan has long been fascinated by how the evolution of human history is intertwined with the materials that we use to build and improve civilisation. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the artist embarked on her BMW Art Journey around the world in search of different ‘tokens from time’ that have left indelible marks on the development of human society—from Mexican obsidian in the Teotihuacan valley to the Italian marble of Carrara, ancient bronze bell foundry of Agnone to the silver of Taxco, Roman stone mosaics to low-carbon concrete. Learning about the past, present, and future of these materials from the communities who mine, craft, or engineer them has greatly enriched Chan’s sculptural practice with new conceptual and formal rigour.

Since her Pallet in Repose series (2019-2021), Chan has been exploring how human perception can be manipulated to view materials and their worth differently. What qualities make an object appear worthy and covetable? How can colour, texture, weight, and volume affect our perception of matter? By inlaying resins and minerals into discarded shipping pallets, Chan transformed humble refuse plastic into aesthetic structures that often recall ancient relics or sacred totems. In her latest presentation, Chan has radically altered the materiality of plastic pallets. In the monumental installation Dark Light, Subterranean Circuit (2023), two pallets form a pair of architectural fittings. Whereas the arched wall mount inlaid with rippled amber resin and lustrous gold-sheen obsidian carved by obsidian craftsmen of San Juan Teotihuacan evokes the luminosity of stained-glass, as with many reworked pallets in Chan’s oeuvre, the cratered floor piece thoroughly sculpted with epoxy clay resembles fossil stone. Showing through its lithic crater and crevices are copper chrome mirror inlays, yellow zinc wheels, and 3D-printed bronze wildflowers that appear like precious ore in an open-pit mine. By masking the pallet’s plasticity with epoxy clay and inlaying various minerals and metals, Chan transforms mass-produced equipment into temporally ambiguous artefacts that intrigue us to rethink the (after)life of materials—if ancient obsidian was once mined for making ceremonial blades and wholesaled today as feng shui crystal, yesterday’s detritus plastic may yet become tomorrow’s treasure according to the whims of human desire.

Chan’s manipulation of plastic with epoxy clay also endows her work with a new haptic sensibility that activates our tactile imagination. In Lithic Current (2023), discarded bumper packagings are carefully sculpted to resemble stone, yet their supple bend and hollows hint at a certain plasticity similar to the weight and volume of the sculpture’s central pallet fragment. The indeterminate materiality and physicality draw us closer—could this mysterious ovoid with a mineral “eye” be an ancient animist totem or some futuristic stele? In three other related works Moth (2023), Moth (Blinded Sphinx) (2023) and Moth (Silver Cloud) (2023) installed in a dimmed room through a narrow portal, Chan carves from shipping pallets sharp triangular fragments that hang on the wall like resting moths in a cave. Their plastic surfaces are smoothed over with clay to assimilate petrified wood inlays and natural magnesium. Appearing more viscous than lithic, these sculptures beckon us to once again surmise carefully—could they be strange gothic relics, or organic tar fossils of some winged creature that once fluttered with zest like the short-lived arthropods in Virginia Woolf’s The Death of the Moth (1942)?

The material charade continues in Chan’s latest additions to the Blindfold Receptor series (2019–present). Inspired by caterpillars of the peppered moth, which have evolved to perceive colour with receptors on their skin, this series features geometric spinal structures that recall both machinery and insect. Whereas Chan had previously used industrial steel supports and plastic wheels covered in marbled clay, Blindfold Receptor (Crawling Jewel–Moss I) (2023), Blindfold Receptor (Crawling Jewel–Moss II) (2023), and Blindfold Receptor (Crawling Jewel–Moss III) (2023) employ glass columns and varieties of green-veined marble that invite more skeletal and biomorphic associations. As the glass structure reflects and refracts light at the same time, it acts as both surface and lustre that constantly changes depending on our point of view. A closer look would also reveal that the sinuous column of transparent omni wheels locked within the glass columns is not as it seems. Less cool to the touch, they are in fact 3D-printed plastic that merely mimic glass. Much like the chameleonic caterpillars that inspired this series, Chan’s latest “Blindfold Receptors” not only engage our visual but also tactile senses to decipher different material stimuli.

As Chan expands her sculptural vocabulary with new materials, she also persistently returns to the same forms such as the grid, the circle, and the triangle—essential geometry that structures our world of matter—and make us wonder, how many ways can we be made to perceive and understand our world differently? While often taking after forms that allude to deep time, Chan’s sculptures contain a multitude of palimpsests—fossils of the ancient past, recent waste spewed out from the global capitalist supply chain, the traces of industrial machinery, the delicate hand of the sculptor. From ashes to ashes, dust to dust; perhaps one of the most pertinent questions posed by Chan’s works is how we may think about the ecology of materials in a world of finite resources.

-Text by Joyce Hei-ting Wong

Leelee Chan, Silica Meadows, 2023, exhibition view, Capsule Shanghai

Leelee Chan, Dark Light, Subterranean Circuit, 2023, found plastic shipping pallets, hand-carved golden obsidian, yellow- zinc plated wheels, calcite, electroplated stainless steel sheet and mirror, 3D-printed metal parts, epoxy, Jesmonite, urethane resin, and UV- resistant pigment, Floor section: 27 x 143 x 196 cm; 10 1/2 x 56 1/2 x 77 in Wall section: 240 x 141 x 17 cm; 94 1/2 x 55 1/2 x 6 1/2 in. Copyright of the Artist. Courtesy of the Artist and Capsule Shanghai

Leelee Chan, Lithic Current, 2023, found plastic shipping pallets, found polystyrene foam packaging, yellow zinc-plated wheel, Unakite, metal sheet, plastic flowers, Jesmonite, stainless steel hardware, epoxy, Main body: 154 x 83 x 17 cm; 60 1/2 x 32 1/2 x 6 1/2 in Base: 15 x 100 x 100 cm; 6 x 39 1/2 x 39 1/2 in. Copyright of the Artist. Courtesy of the Artist and Capsule Shanghai

Leelee Chan, Moth, 2023, found plastic shipping pallets, petrified wood, stainless steel hardware, epoxy, pigment, 113 x 12 x 28 cm, 44 1/2 x 4 1/2 x 11 in. Copyright of the Artist. Courtesy of the Artist and Capsule Shanghai

Leelee Chan, Moth (Blinded Sphinx), 2023, found plastic shipping pallets, petrified wood, stainless steel hardware, epoxy, pigment, 115.5 x 12.5 x 28.5 cm, 45 1/2 x 5 x 11 in. Copyright of the Artist. Courtesy of the Artist and Capsule Shanghai

Leelee Chan, Moth (Silver Cloud), 2023, found plastic shipping pallets, natural magnesium, Terahertz stone, silver obsidian, stainless steel hardware, epoxy, pigment, 115 x 16 x 38 cm, 45 1/2 x 6 1/2 x 15 in. Copyright of the Artist. Courtesy of the Artist and Capsule Shanghai

Leelee Chan, Blindfold Receptor (Crawling Jewel–Moss I), 2023, glass, marble wheels and rollers, stainless-steel hardware, 3D- printed resin components, agate powder, pigment and stainless- steel base, 31.2 x 243 x 31.8 cm, 12 1/2 x 95 1/2 x 12 1/2 in. Copyright of the Artist. Courtesy of the Artist and Capsule Shanghai

Leelee Chan, Blindfold Receptor (Crawling Jewel–Moss II), 2023, glass, marble wheels and rollers, stainless-steel hardware, 3D- printed resin components, agate powder, pigment and stainless- steel base, 31.2 x 189 x 31.8 cm, 12 1/2 x 74 1/2 x 12 1/2 in. Copyright of the Artist. Courtesy of the Artist and Capsule Shanghai

Leelee Chan, Blindfold Receptor (Crawling Jewel–Moss III), 2023, glass, marble wheels and rollers, stainless-steel hardware, 3D- printed resin components, agate powder, pigment and stainless- steel base, 31.2 x 152 x 31.8 cm, 12 1/2 x 60 x 12 1/2 in. Copyright of the Artist. Courtesy of the Artist and Capsule Shanghai